Single-phase oil immersed electric pole transformers are widely used as distribution transformers in Western developed countries, Southeast Asia, North America, and South America.
In the distributed power supply distribution network, they demonstrate significant advantages in the following ways, which are widely used as distribution transformers in Western developed countries, Southeast Asia, North America, and South America. In the distributed power supply distribution network, they demonstrate significant advantages in the following ways
Advantages of Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer
a. High-Efficiency Energy Conversion |
| Achieves over 95% energy conversion efficiency through low-loss electrical steel cores and optimized windings, reducing hysteresis and copper losses. This saves 30%+ on electricity costs during long-term operation, aligning with energy-saving goals. |
b. Dual Cooling & Insulation Protection |
| Transformer oil serves dual functions: |
| Insulates windings to prevent aging and breakdown; |
| Controls operating temperature below 105°C via natural convection or forced circulation (with radiators), reducing fire risks by 60% compared to dry-type transformers and extending service life to 20+ years. |
c. Durability in Harsh Environments |
| Fully or semi-hermetically sealed design withstands humidity ≥95%, dust concentration ≤100mg/m³, and extreme temperatures (-30°C to +50°C). Widely used in industrial power distribution, rural grids, and other challenging scenarios. |
d. Mature & Versatile Structure |
| Widely adopted in low-voltage power distribution (e.g., residential grids) and household appliances, supporting single-phase power supply needs in 90%+ common applications. |
Parameter of Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer
| 10kva-333kva single-phase oil-immersed transformers | ||||||
| Rated Capacity (kVA) | High Voltage (v) | Low Voltage (V) | Vector Group | standard | Short Circuit Impedance (%) | Efficiency(%) |
| 10 | 4160 7200 12000 12470 13200 13800 19920 24940 34500 | 110 220 230 400 480 | II0 , II6 | IEEE/ANSI/ DOE | 1.8-4% | 98.7 |
| 15 | 98.82 | |||||
| 25 | 98.95 | |||||
| 37.5 | 99.05 | |||||
| 50 | 99.11 | |||||
| 75 | 99.19 | |||||
| 100 | 99.25 | |||||
| 167 | 99.33 | |||||
| 250 | 99.39 | |||||
| 333 | 99.43 | |||||
FAQ about Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer
Q1: What is a Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
A single phase oil immersed electric pole transformer is a compact electrical device installed on utility poles, with a rated capacity typically ranging from 10 kVA to 333 kVA (expandable to 3 kVA–500 kVA in special scenarios). Its primary function is to step down high-voltage distribution lines (e.g., 10 kV) to low-voltage outputs (e.g., 240V/120V), serving as a critical component in the final stage of power distribution networks for residential areas and small commercial establishments with low electricity demands.
Q2: What is the Typical Capacity Range of Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
Common capacity ratings span 10 kVA to 333 kVA, with special cases extending from 3 kVA (minimum) to 500 kVA (maximum).
- Rural/remote areas: 25 kVA or 50 kVA units are commonly used due to lower load demands.
- Urban suburbs/commercial zones: Higher-capacity units (e.g., 100 kVA+) are preferred to meet increased electricity requirements.
Q3: Key Considerations for Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
- Pole Selection: Use poles with adequate strength and stability. Mounting height must ensure a safety clearance of at least 3 meters from the ground to prevent human or object contact.
- Secure Fixing: Employ specialized clamps to ensure firm fixation and prevent component loosening caused by operational vibrations.
- Grounding Requirements: The grounding system must be reliable, with a grounding resistance ≤ 4 Ω, to safeguard against lightning strikes and ensure personal safety.
- Environmental Conditions: Install away from obstacles to ensure good ventilation(for heat dissipation) and reserve sufficient space for maintenance.
Q4: Differences Between Single-Phase and Three-Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
Comparison Criteria | Single-Phase Transformer | Three-Phase Transformer |
Output Voltage | Single-phase low voltage (e.g., 120V/240V) | Three-phase low voltage (e.g., 400V/230V) |
Application Scenarios | Low-load areas (residences, small shops) | High-load/industrial areas (factories, commercial complexes) |
Structure & Cost | Simple structure, lower cost | Complex structure, higher cost |
Q5: How to Detect Faults in Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
- Abnormal Noises/Vibrations: Unusual humming, buzzing, or excessive vibration during operation.
- Temperature & Oil Condition(for oil-immersed transformers): Overheating (exceeding rated temperature), oil leakage, or discolored oil.
- Voltage Instability: Fluctuations in low-voltage output beyond acceptable limits.
- Physical Damage: Burn marks, cracks, or electrical discharges (e.g., sparks during rain) on the enclosure or bushings.
Q6: Maintenance Schedule for Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
- Routine Inspections: Every 6–12 months, including exterior cleaning, connection tightness checks, oil level verification (for oil-immersed units), and bushing insulation assessments.
- Critical Maintenance Tasks:
- Oil-Immersed Transformers: Annual to bi-annual dielectric oil tests (e.g., breakdown voltage, dielectric loss factor).
- Grounding System: Yearly inspection to ensure resistance ≤ 4 Ω.
- Heat Dissipation: Regularly clean radiator fins to prevent dust accumulation.
Q7: Causes of Transformer Overheating?
- Overloading: Sustained operation beyond rated capacity, leading to increased winding losses.
- Poor Heat Dissipation: Blocked radiator fins, excessive dust/oil accumulation, or inadequate ventilation.
- Internal Faults: Winding short circuits, core insulation degradation (e.g., aging silicon steel sheets).
- Oil-Immersed Specific Issues: Low oil level or deteriorated oil quality (reduced insulation and cooling performance).
Q8: How to Protect Transformers Against Lightning or Short Circuits?
- Lightning Protection: Install zinc oxide surge arresters on the high-voltage side to limit overvoltage caused by lightning strikes.
- Short Circuit Protection: Equip high-voltage fuses (e.g., CSP-type) or circuit breakers to quickly cutfault currents and prevent winding damage.
- Enhanced Grounding: Ensure the grounding system complies with standards to minimize ground potential rise during faults.
Q9: What is the Lifespan of Single Phase Oil Immersed Electric Pole Transformer?
Under normal operating conditions, the typical lifespan is 20–30 years. Key factors affecting longevity include:
- Environmental Conditions: High humidity, coastal salt spray, or dusty environments accelerate insulation aging.
- Maintenance Quality: Frequent overloading or neglecting maintenance (e.g., delayed oil replacement) shortens service life.
- Manufacturing Standards: Premium materials and craftsmanship extend operational durability.
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